Cutting Forces

Cutting Forces, Torque, and Horsepower for Turning Applications

These calculations are based upon theoretical values and are only intended for planning purposes. Actual results will vary. No responsibility from Kennametal is assumed.

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Metric
Inch

Skip this step if you already know the Brinell hardness number(HB)

Skip this step if you already know the Brinell hardness number(HB)
Characteristics of Workpiece Materials

Characteristics of Workpiece Materials

in mm
HB
Workpiece"p" Values (hp/in.3/min) for machining conditions:"p" Values (kW/cm3/min) for machining conditions:
Type of materialDesignationCalculate HardnessFinishingRoughingGeneralFinishingRoughingGeneral
Carbon steelAISI 10181410.700.660.620.033220.030940.02867
Carbon steelAISI 10451950.740.700.720.034580.031400.03276
Alloy steelAISI 41401940.790.740.730.037770.033220.03367
Alloy steelAISI 43402140.760.720.730.038220.033220.03367
Alloy steelAISI 41402580.850.770.790.040040.035040.03595
Alloy steelAISI 41422770.840.770.750.040500.035040.03595
Alloy steelAISI 43404851.311.001.050.059610.046870.04869
Tool steelAISI H112050.780.730.760.038220.033670.03504
Stainless steelAISI 316L1470.810.730.730.038220.031850.03322
Stainless steelAISI 4102430.810.710.740.038680.033670.03413
Stainless steelAISI 17-4 PH2940.990.700.720.045510.033670.03458
Gray cast ironSAE G30001950.530.480.470.027300.021840.02184
Ductile cast ironASTM 65-45-121650.580.550.510.030030.023660.02366
Titanium alloyAMS Ti-6Al-4V2870.640.620.620.030940.027760.02867
Nickel alloyInconel 7182771.201.011.021.059610.045960.04733
Aluminum alloysAMS 20241390.310.290.300.015470.013200.01365
hp/ln.3/min. kW/cm3/min
Machining Conditions

Machining Conditions

inmm
inmm
ipr.mm/rev
sfm.m/min
Direct Belt Drive.9
Back Gear Drive.75
Geared Head Drive.7-.8
Oil - Hydraulic Drive.6-.9
Calculated Machining Conditions

Calculated Machining Conditions

rpm1/min
ln.3/min.cm3/min
min
Cutting Forces Calculation

Cutting Forces Calculation

lbN
lbN
lbN
lbN
Horse Power Calculation

Horse Power Calculation

hpKW
hpKW
ft. lbs.N-m
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